Manufar haddasa rikici a Somaliya da ci gaban da aka samu a halin yanzu
Manufar haddasa rikici a Somaliya da ci gaban da aka samu a halin yanzu
Kasar Somaliya dake gabashin Afrika ta kasance cikin ajandar kasashen duniya shekaru da dama da suka gabata sakamakon yunwa da ta’addanci da rigingimun siyasa suka haddasa. Kungiyar ‘yan ta’adda ta al-Shabaab tana yakar Gwamnatin Somaliya tun tsakiyar shekarun 2000. Kungiyar da ta yi nasarar kwace wasu yankunan kasar, tana kuma kai hare-hare kan fararen hula a wasu kasashe makwabta a yankin gabashin Afrika kamar Habasha, Djibouti da Kenya. Don haka, wannan barazanar ta’addancin na tasiri a yankin. Bisa wannan batun, an yi nazari kan manufofin tsaro dangane da siyasar cikin gida na Hasan Sheikh Mohamud, wanda aka zaba a matsayin Shugaban kasar Somaliya a ranar 15 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2022, da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a halin yanzu a yakin da ake yi da kungiyar ta’addanci ta al-Shabaab.
Zamu gabatar da bayanan nazarin Kaan Devecioglu, Masanin Harkokin Arewacin Afrika akan batun…
Babban batun da ya fito fili a Somaliya a ‘yan makonnin nan shi ne dawowar sojojin Somaliya da aka horar a Eritrea. A cikin wannan yanayi, Shugaban Somaliya, Hasan Sheikh Mohamud, ya fitar da wata sanarwa a ranar Litinin, 19 ga watan Disamba, inda ya bayyana cewa sojojin da suka kwashe watanni suna atisaye a kasar Eritrea, za su fara komawa Somaliya nan da kwanaki masu zuwa kuma rukunin farko za su isa Mogadishu, babban birnin kasar a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba. Bugu da kari, an tattauna halin da wadannan sojoji ke ciki a kasar Eritrea a tsarin siyasar cikin gida na Somaliya a zamanin mulkin magabacin Mohamud, Mohamed Farmaajo. Tattaunawar ta haifar da martani a cikin gida tare da zargin an aike da wadannan sojojin zuwa yankin da ake yaki a Tigray na Habasha. A yayin ziyarar da Shugaban kasar Somaliya Sheikh Mohamud ya kai kasar Amurka, an bayyana a wani dandalin tattaunawa da ‘yan kasar Somaliya suka shirya cewa sojojin za su fara dawowa kafin karshen watan Disamba. Mohamud ya kuma bayyana cewa an amince da komai kan wannan batu kuma ba za a kara samun tsaiko ba. An kuma bayyana cewa, Mohamud, wanda ya yi alkawarin dawo da sojojin da ke kasar Eritrea a lokacin yakin neman zabe a lokacin bazara, ya ziyarci sansanonin horar da su a kasar ta Eritrea a watan Yulin da ya gabata. Iyalan sojojin da ba su ji ta bakin ‘yan uwansu ba, sun jaddada cewa suna son samun bayanai kan makomarsu a zanga-zangar da suka gudanar a bana. Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker, Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Musamman Kan Kare Hakkin Bil’adama a Eritrea, ya bayyana a shekarar da ta gabata cewa, sojojin Somaliya sun raka sojojin Eritrea da ke marawa sojojin Habasha baya a sansanonin horar da sojoji a Eritrea. A karshen watan Mayu ne Shugaban kasar na wancan lokaci, Mohamed Farmaajo ya sanar da cewa sun tura sojoji kusan dubu 5 zuwa kasar Eritrea don samun horo, amma an jinkirta dawowar sojojin domin kada a kawo cikas ga zaben ‘yan Majalisar Dokoki da na Shugaban kasa.
Wani muhimmin al’amari na tsaro a Somaliya shi ne hare-haren Kungiyar ta’addanci ta al-Shabaab da aka shafe sama da shekaru 20 ana kai wa. A cikin wannan muhallin, an yi rikodin manyan lamurka biyu da suka afku a kwanan nan. Na farko dai shi ne harin da Kungiyar al-Shabaab ta kai a wani yanki da ke kusa da iyakar Somaliya a gabashin Kenya. A cewar ‘yan sanda da sojoji, ‘yan ta’addar al-Shabaab sun kai hari kan motar ‘yan sanda a gabashin Kenya, inda suka kashe ‘yan sanda biyu da farar hula daya. Kungiyar al-Shabaab ta fada a wani sanarwa da aka watsa kai tsaye ta rediyo cewa, wasu ‘yan bindiga sun kashe jami’an tsaron Kenya biyu tare da jikkata wasu da dama. A cikin sanarwar da Rundunar ‘Yan Sandan Kenya ta fitar, an bayar da rahoton cewa motar ‘yan sandan ta taka wani bam da aka yi da hannu a kan hanyarta daga Sansanin Hayley Lapsset (inda ‘yan gudun hijirar Somaliya da suka tsere daga ta’addancin al-Shabaab suke) zuwa garin Garissa, game da kilomita 120 daga iyakar Somaliya. A wata sanarwa da wani jami’in ‘yan sanda ya fitar, an bayyana cewa ‘yan bindiga sun kuma kai hari kan motar da makaman roka. Shugaban kasar Somaliya, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud ya bayyana cewa ‘yan ta’adda a Somaliya na fuskantar matsin lamba tun watan Agusta, lokacin da aka kaddamar da wani gagarumin farmaki kan Kungiyar al-Shabaab tare da goyon bayan Amurka da ATMIS da kuma mayakan sa kai na cikin gida.
Wani babban ci gaba kwanan nan dangane da al-Shabaab bisa bayanin da sojojin Somaliya suka yi, shi ne kashe ‘yan ta’adda 150, 5 daga cikinsu ‘yan kasashen waje, ta hanyar tsarkake yankin Shabelle ta tsakiya daga ‘yan ta’adda. A cikin wannan yanayi, Kakakin Ministan Tsaron Somaliya, Abdullahi Ali Anod ya shaida wa manema labarai a Mogadishu, babban birnin kasar a ranar Alhamis 22 ga watan Disamba cewa, an kwato birnin Runirgod mai matukar muhimmanci daga Kungiyar al-Shabab tare da goyon bayan mayakan sa kai. A cikin sanarwar an kuma bayyana cewa wannan ne birni mai muhimmanci na karshe da ‘yan ta’addar al-Shabaab da ke da alaka da Al-Qaeda suka kwace a yankin Shabelle ta tsakiya na kasar Somaliya. Kakakin Ma’aikatar Harkokin Wajen kasar, Anod ya bayyana cewa da sanyin safiyar Alhamis ne sojojin kasar suka kaddamar da farmaki a kauyukan da ke kewayen garin inda suka yi artabu da ‘yan ta’addar. Yayin da sojojin Somaliya ba samu asarar rayuka ba sakamakon rikicin, 5 daga cikin ‘yan ta’addan da aka kashe a rikicin ‘yan kasashen waje ne wadanda ba a iya tantance kasashensu ba.
Bayan zaben Hassan Sheikh Mohamud a matsayin Shugaban kasa a Somaliya, ana gudanar da aiyuka akai-akai kan al-Shabaab. Kasashen waje kamar Türkiye, Amurka da Birtaniya, wadanda ke ba wa Somaliya kayan aikin tsaro da horar da sojojinsu na tsawon shekaru, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kara ingancin aiyukan. Ana sa ran kawo karshen barazanar ta’addancin da Kungiyar al-Shabaab ke yi a Somaliya nan da wani matsakaicin wa’adi, idan ma ba a cikin kankanin lokaci ba.
